Learning English Vocabulary (Complete Course)

A Complete Course For Using English vocabulary

Lesson one

(Talking about language)

Important Language Words to talk about Language

To talk about language we use important language words.

Noun: a person or thing (book, girl, pen)

Verb: something we do (do, read, write)

Adjective: describes a person or thing (good, bad, happy, long)

Adverb; describes a verb (slowly, badly)

Preposition: a little word used before a noun or pronoun  (in, on, by, at)

Singular: just one (book, house)

Plural: more than one (books, houses)

Phrase: a group of words (not a complete sentence) in a house, at home, an old man

Sentence: a complete idea in writing, beginning with capital letter and ending with a(full stop) the man went into the room and closed the door

Paragraph: a short part of a text (one or more sentences) beginning on a new line

This book has60 units. Each unit has 2 pages.

Dialogue: a conversation between two people

Ann: How's Jo?

Bill: OK, thanks.

Question: a set of words that begin with a capital letter and end with a question mark : Do you like English?

Answer: reply to a question

No, I don't.

(Learning Vocabulary)

Three effective ways to learn and practice English vocabulary

Tip: Keep a vocabulary notebook. Write the words you learn from this book in it. Use a

good dictionary. Ask your teacher to recommend one.

Here are some ways of writing down words you want to learn.

A- Write down words that go together (collocations)

You do the exercises in this book. Sometimes, you may make mistakes in your English.

In your vocabulary book, write down: do an exercise and make a mistake.

When words are used together like this, we call it a collocation.

You go by train, but on foot (= walking) preposition + noun

Some people are good at languages [NOT good in] adjective + preposition

I saw a very tall man [NOT high- man] adjective + noun

Tip: Always write down collocations when you learn a new word.

B- Learn words in families

word family as travel , and some words in that family : ticket, passport, suitcase

word family as temperature, the words in that family are for example :  hot, warm, cool, cold

 Tip: Make a page for every different word family in your vocabulary notebook.

C- Pictures and diagrams

Draw pictures. For example: Human body and then know the detail of that picture : hand, hair, foot, arm, leg, head, knee, etc 

Lesson Three

 Different Using of Have

Using have

A - Things which come with have:

1 lunch, dinner, breakfast, a meal, something to eat

2 a party, a meeting, a competition, a game, (of football/chess/cards)

3 a lesson, an exam, homework, an appointment (with the dentist)

4 .tea/coffee, a drink, a sandwich, an ice-cream, some cheese

5 a shower, a bath, a swim, a sauna

B – Expressions with have:

Is that your camera? Can I have a look? i. (= look at it)

Is that your bicycle? Can I have a go? (= ride it)

Goodbye! Have a good journey! (= somebody is going away)

Do you have a moment? (= have some time) Can I have a word with you? (= speak to you)

We always have a good time in our English lessons (= fun; we enjoy them)

I'm going to have my hair cut. See you later. Can you meet me at the hairdresser's?

I want to learn to ski but I don't have the time

C - Have + got (speaking/informal) = have (writing/formal)

I've got three sisters, Have you got any brothers and sisters?

My house is big. It's got five bedrooms and three bathrooms.

We've got ten minutes before the train goes.

Have you got a pen?

(In a shop) A: Do you sell postcards? B: Yes, but we haven't got any at the moment.

I've got a problem. Can I have a word with you?

I've got a cold / a headache.

D - Have to

We use have to when the situation means you must do something.

The museum's not free. You have to pay $10 to go in.

All students have to do the exam.

I haven't got a car, so I have to walk to school every day

Lesson Four

Different Using of Go

Using Go/went/gone

A - Go

Go means to move from one place to another.

I go to work by bike. My brother goes by car.

We went to Paris last summer.

Shall we go to the swimming pool today?

You can go to a place on foot or in some kind of transport.

To make it clear that we are going on foot we can say:

We're walking to work this morning.

Is this train going to Granada?

Where does this road go?

B - Go + prepositions

Kim went in(to) his room and shut the door.

Rani was tired. He went up the stairs slowly

Yuko went out of the house and into the garden.

The phone was ringing. She went down the stairs quickly

Go away.

I'm going back home this evening

C - Go + -ing for activities

Go is often used with -ing for different activities.

I hate going shopping.

I usually go swimming in the morning.

Let's go dancing.

Do you like going sightseeing when you are on holiday?

Hans goes skiing every winter

Bob is going fishing today.

D - Future plans

Be going to is often used for plans for the future:

On Saturday Jan is going to visit his aunt. On Sunday we're going to stay at home. On Monday I'm going to meet Sam at the restaurant.

Lesson Five

Different Using of Do

Using Do/did/done

A - Do as auxiliary

Question (Do you like tennis?)

Short answer (Yes, I do.)

Negative (He doesn't play well.)

B - What are you doing?

Do as a general verb

What do you do to relax?

I listen to music

Don't do that, Tommy.

What are the people in the picture doing?

They're dancing.

C - What do you do?

What do you do? (= What is your job?)

I'm a student. or I'm a teacher. or I'm an engineer.

What does your wife do? (= What's your wife's job?)

She's a doctor. or She's a secretary. or She's a mechanic.

D - Do + task

do the housework

do the gardening

do the washing

do the washing-up

do your homework

do some exercises

do business with

do your best

Did you do the washing this morning?

No, I'm going to do it later.

Our company does a lot of business with the USA.

The homework exercise is very difficult - just do your best.

Tip: Make a note of any expressions with do that you find when you are reading in

English.

Lesson Six

Different Using of Make

Using Make/made/made

A - Make ..

To make coffee.

To make dinner.

I'll make some tea/hot chocolate.

I make breakfast/lunch/supper every day. (supper = a meal just before bed)

B - Make a ...

The teacher's making a photocopy.

He's making a film/video of the class.

The children are making a noise.

C - It makes me (feel) ...

Going by train always makes me (feel) tired.

My friend called me stupid. It made me (feel) angry.

That film made me (feel) sad

Lesson Seven

Different Using of Take

Using Take/took/taken

A - Take with time (it + take + person + time)

It takes Alan 20 minutes to get to work.

It takes Miriam 45 minutes to get to work.

I go to school/university every day. It takes me 30 minutes.

I do homework every day. It took me two hours yesterday.

How long does it take to get to the station? 15 minutes in a taxi.

B - Take with courses/exams, etc.

Are you taking an English course? Yes.

Do you have to take an exam? Yes, at the end of the course.

I want to take some Japanese lessons

C - Take with bus, car, etc.

How do you get to work? I take the bus.

In Paris you can take the metro to the Eiffel Tower.

How does Nik get to work?

He takes the train

D - Take something with you

Are you going out? Take an umbrella. It's raining.

Are you going to the beach? Take some water with you.

Sorry, you can't take your camera into the museum

Useful expression: Can I take a photograph here?

Tip: Make a page in your notebook for take and put in new words that go with it when you see them (e.g. a picture, a look at, a chance).

Lesson eight

Different Using of Come

Come/came/come

A - Come in/out

We say 'Come in!' when someone knocks at the door of a room.

Then the person who knocked comes into the room.

B - Come back and come home

Come back means 'return to this place here'.

She went away for three days. She came back yesterday. (She is here again.)

Come back is often used with from.

They came back from Italy yesterday.

Come home is similar; 'home' is 'here' for the person speaking.

MOTHER: What time did you come home last night?

ANNE: Oh, about eleven o'clock.

MOTHER: What! Eleven! That's much too late

C - Other important uses of come

A :What country do you come from?

B: I'm from Norway. (or 1come from Norway. or I'm Norwegian.)

We're going to a disco tonight. Do you want to come along? (= come with us)

Come and see me some time. (= visit me)

Tip: Write down any prepositions you find with come every time you see them

Lesson nine

Using Bring/brought/brought

A- Bring and take

take = from here to there

bring = from there to here

Are you going to school? Take your books. (from here to the school)

Are you going to the kitchen? Can you bring me a glass? (from the kitchen to here)

B - Bring somebody something

A: I've brought you some apples from

my garden. B: Oh, thank you!

When she visits me, she always brings

me flowers.

C - Bring something back

it's raining. You can take my umbrella and bring it back tomorrow.

TOM: This book is interesting.

ANN: Please take it with you and read it.

TOM: Thanks. I'll bring it back on Friday.

ANN: OK. No problem.

Lesson ten

Using Get/got/got

A – Get with adjectives : for changes

It's light, it's getting dark, it's dark

It's getting dark (it's about to be dark)

I'm getting tired. I want to go bed

It's raining! I'm getting wet!

B - Get with nouns

If you don't have something you can get it.

I want to send a postcard. I have to get a stamp.

I've finished my studies. Now I want to get a job.

My friend is ill! Please get a doctor.

Do you want! a drink? I can get some coffee.

I'm going to the shop to get a newspaper.

Where can I get a taxi?

C - Get to (arrive at I reach a place)

How can I get to the airport? Take the airport bus at the bus station.

When you get to New York, ring me. OK, give me your number.

D - Other phrases with get

Maria and David are getting married in April. ,.

When you get back from Hong Kong, ring me= (return, come back) ,

When I get home, I have my lunch.

I get there at 6 o'clock, so please ring me at 6.30

Lesson eleven

Phrasal verbs

A - What are phrasal verbs?

Phrasal verbs have two parts: a verb + a preposition

get up/on/over

I got up at 6.30 this morning. I'm tired now.

I hated my sister when I was young but now we get on very well.

He soon got over his cold. (= he got better quickly)

turn on/off/up/down

He always turns on the TV at 9 o'clock to watch the news.

It's a sunny day. Turn the light off.

Turn the TV up. I can't hear it.

Turn the TV down. It's too loud.

go on/off

Don't stop. Go on talking. It's very interesting.

A bomb went off in a London station today. Four people

are still in hospital.

put something on

It's cold and windy outside. Put your coat on. or Put on your coat.

come on

Come on! We're late.

B - One phrasal verb, different meanings

Note that one phrasal verb can often have different meanings.

turn down

She turned down the stereo. (= made it not so loud)

She turned down the invitation. (= refused it)

do up

She did up her coat(closed it with a zip)

She did up her flat. (painted it)

take off

Our plane takes off at 12.30. (= leaves the ground)

She took off her shoes. (= removed them from her feet

Tip: Make a special page in your notebook. Write down any phrasal verbs you see or

hear.

Lesson twelve

Everyday Things

A – things we do every day

Every day I (wake up, get up, go to the bathroom, have a shower, listen to the radio, go to work, come home, make dinner, phone(or call) a friend, watch TV, go to bed)

B – sometimes

I (wash clothes, clean the house, go for a walk, write letters)

C - Questions about everyday things

How often do you read the newspaper / watch TV? Three times a week / every day, etc.

What time do you get up / go to work? Seven o'clock. / Half past eight. etc.

How do you go to work? By bus/train/car, etc.

D - Usually/normally (what I do typically)

We say I usually/normally get up at eight o'clock, but today I got up at eight-thirty.

[NOT I used to / I'm used to get up at eight o'clock]

Lesson fourteen

Moving

A – without transport

(Walk, run, jump, dance, swim, jog, climb, fall)

B – Transport

You go by car I plane I bus I train I bike I motorbike I ship I taxi I underground

[NOT by-a-car].

You take a bus I train I taxi / plane and you take the underground.

You ride a bicycle I bike I motorbike I horse

You drive a car I bus I train.

The pilot flies a plane.

How did you get to Istanbul? We flew there.

If you catch the bus, train or plane, you arrive in time to get it.

If you miss the bus, train or plane, you arrive too late to get it.

You arrive at or in a place [NOT-for- a place]. The train arrived in Tokyo on time. The plane

Arrived late at Heathrow.

Tip: When you are travelling you will probably see a lot of notices in English. Make a

note of any new words and expressions you see.

C – Moving objects

(Push, pull, pass, carry)

Lesson fifteen

Conjunctions and connecting words

A - Basic conjunctions

Conjunctions join two parts of a sentence and help to show the connection between the

two parts of the sentence.

Conjunctions      function                   example

And                              tells you more      we went home and went straight to bed

But                      makes a contrast             they're rich but they aren't happy.

Because      answer the question why?  We went home because we were tired.

So  -  tells you the result  - we went home early, so we missed the end of the concert.

When – answers the question when? – we went home when Jane wanted to.

Before, after – answers the question what happened first – we went home before the concert ended. We went home after Max Jane sang his first song.

Although, though – tells you something surprising – we went home although/though we didn't really want to.

If – make a condition -  we will go home if we are tired.

B - Other connecting words

The words in this table are useful for making connections between words and phrases

Word   function             example

Only -  says something is very not big or not very  much -  he sleeps only 3 hours every night.

Even – says something is surprising or unusual -  even his 10 years old son works in a shop.

Like – makes a comparison  -  she looks like her dad.

Than – used after a comparative adjective or adverb – she works harder than he does.

Also, too, as well -  says something is extra -   He works in the shop and she does also/too/as well.

Lesson sixteen

Time words (I): days, months and seasons

A - basic time words

There are:

365 days in a year

12 months m a year

52 weeks in a year

7 days in a week

2 weeks in a fortnight

24 hours in a day

60 minutes in an hour. (We say an hour

60 seconds in a minute

100 years in a century

B - Days of the week

, Thursday, Friday,

, Tuesday, Wednesday Sunday

Saturday.

, Monday

The names of the days always begin with a capital letter in English.

Saturday + Sunday = the weekend

C - Months and seasons

Months: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October,

November, December.

The names of the months always begin with a capital letter in English.

Some countries have four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter

Lesson seventeen

Time words (2):

A - Time in relation to NOW

Now means at this moment. Then means at another moment (usually in the past).

last year / last week / last Saturday

next year / next week / next summer

It is July now.

Last month it was June.

Next month it will be August.

When we talk about time in general, we talk about the past, the present and the future. We

talk about the past, the present and the future forms of the verb, for example

In the past people didn't have television.

People may travel to Mars in the future.

I'll be with you in a moment. (= a very short time)

Jane's in Paris at the moment. (= now)

See you soon! (= in a short time)

We met recently. (= not long ago)

B - Frequency adverbs

Always, Usually, Often, sometimes, now and then, occasionally, not often, hardly ever, rarely, never

It always snows in Russia in winter.

It often rains in Britain.

The temperature in London hardly ever gets to 35°. (= almost never)

The Ancient Romans never went to America or Australia.

Notice the use of a in these expressions of frequency.

once (= one time) a week: I go swimming once a week, every Saturday.

twice (= two times) a day: I clean my teeth twice a day.

three times a year: I see my uncle three times a year.

four times a month: I play football four or five times a month.

Lesson eighteen

Places

A - General place words

Come here please. (to me, to where I am)

Do you know Lima? I'm going there in April. (not here, another place)

I'm coming back from Portugal in May. (to here again, to this place)

There are books and papers everywhere in my room. (in all parts I all places)

B – Positions

top, middle, bottom, front of, back of, beginning of, end of

C - Left and right

In York Street, there is a cinema on the left and a restaurant on the right.

D - Home and away

Is Mary at home? (in her house I flat)

No, sorry, she's out. (at the shops I at work I at school)

No, sorry, she's away. (in another town I city or country)

No, sorry, she's abroad. (in another country

Lesson nineteen

Manner

Manner = how we do something

A - Fast and slow

This car goes very fast. It's a fast car.

This car goes very slowly. It's a slow car.

B - Right and wrong

C – Loud and quiet

D – Well and badly

She's a good driver. She drives well.

He's a bad driver. He drives badly..

E – Way

Way means how someone does something.

He's speaking in a friendly way. She's speaking in an unfriendly way